Question
1-10 refer to the following passage.
This rapid transcontinental settlement and these new
urban industrial circumstances of the last half of the 19“’ century were
accompanied by the development of a national literature of great abundance and
variety. Line New themes, new forms, new subjects, new regions, new authors,
new audiences all emerged in the literature of this half century. As a result,
at the onset of World War I, the spirit and substance of American literature
had evolved remarkably, just as its center of production had shifted from
Boston to New York In the late 1880s and the sources of its energy to Chicago
and the Midwest. No longer was it produced, at least in its popular forms, in
the main by solemn, typically moralistic men from New England and the Old
South; no longer were polite, well-dressed, grammatically correct, middle-class
young people the only central characters in its narratives no longer were these
narratives to be set in exotic places and remote times; no longer, indeed, were
fiction, poetry, drama, and formal history the chief acceptable forms of
literary expression; no longer, finally, was literature read primarily by
young, middle class women. In sum, American literature in these years fulfilled
in considerable measure the condition Walt Whitman called for inl867 in
describing Leaves of Grass: It treats, he said of his own major work, each
state and region as peers “and expands from them, and includes the world …
connecting an American citizen with the citizens of all nations.” At the same
time, these years saw the emergence of what has been designated “the literature
of argument,” powerful works in sociology, philosophy, psychology, many of them
impelled by the spirit of exposure and reform. Just as America learned to play
a role in this half century as an autonomous international political, economic,
and military power, so did its literature establish itself as a producer of
major works.
1. The main idea of this passage is …
(A) that the new American literature was less
provincial than the old
(B) that World War I caused a dramatic change in America
(C) that centers of culture shifted from East to West
(D) that most people were wary of the new literature
Answer : (A) that the new American
literature was less provincial
2. It can be inferred from lines 1-3 that the
previous passage probably discussed …
(A) the Importance of tradition to writers
(B) new developments in industrialization and population shifts
(C) the fashions and values of 19th century America
(D) the limitations of American literature to this time
Answer : (B) new developments In
Industrialization and population shifts
3. The word “evolved” is closest in meaning to…
(A) became famous
(B) turned back
(C) diminished
(D) changed
Answer : (D) changed
4. The word “it” refers to…
(A) the population
(B) the energy
(C) American literature
(D) the manufacturing
Answer : (C) American literature
Keyword: the spirit and substance of American literature
5. The word “exotic” is closest in meaning to…
(A) urban
(B) unusual
(C) well-known
(D) old-fashioned
Answer : (B) unusual Keyword Pembahasan
6. The author uses the word “indeed” for what
purpose?
(A) to emphasize the contrast he is making
(B) for variety in a lengthy paragraph
(C) to wind down his argument
(D) to show a favorable attitude to these forms of literature
Answer : (A) to emphasize the contrast
he is making
7. The phrase “these years” in line 17 refers to …
(A) 1850-1900
(B) the 1900s
(C) the early 1800s
(D) the present
Answer : (A) 1850-1900
8. It can be inferred from the passage that Walt
Whitman…
(A) disliked urban life
(B) was disapproving of the new literature
(C) wrote Leaves of Grass
(D) was an international diplomat
Answer : (C) wrote Leaves of Grass
9. All of the following can be inferred from the
passage about the new literature EXCEPT…
(A) it was not highly regarded Internationally
(B) it introduced new american themes, characters, and settings
(C) itbrokewithmanyliterarytraditionsofthepast
(D) it spoke to the issue of reform and change
Answer : (A) ft was not highly regarded
internationally
10. This passage would probably be read in which of
the following academic courses?
(A) European history
(B) American literature
(C) Current events
(D) International affairs
Answer : (B) American literature
Question
11-15
Robert Moog was an American inventor who developed
the Moog Synthesizer. It was one of the first synthesizers to gain widespread
use as a musical instrument. Moog’s synthesizers were an important pa Line of
musical innovation in rock and jazz music in the 1960s and 1970s. Robert Arthur
Moog was born in Queens, a borough of New York City 75 years ago. He became
fascinated with electronics as a teenager, particularly an early electronic
music instrument called the theremin. Moog studied physic and electrical
engineering at Queens College and Columbia University, both in New York City
and later received a Ph.D. in engineering physic Cornel University in Ithaca,
New York. In 1954, while still an undergraduate student, Moog formed his own
company to sell theremins and theremin kits.
Soon after, Moog began working on a keyboard
instrument that could replicate the sound of any musical instrument
electronically. Working with American composer Herbert Deutsch, Moog introduced
the prototype Moog Synthesizer at a convention in 1964. The device represented
a significant advance over previous electronic synthesizer because of its use
of new semiconductor technology, which made it smaller and considerably cheaper
than earlier machines. The Moog, as it was known, was soon in demand by
musician all over the world.
In 1964, Moog began a collaboration with American composer
and organist Walter Carlos (now Wendy Carlos), who released the bestselling
electronic music album Switched-On Bach in 1968. Rock groups such as the
Beatles and Yes and jazz musicians such as Herbie Hancock and Chick Corea began
incorporating Moog Synthesizer into their recordings, a trend that increased
when the company introduced the compact and portable Minimoog in 1970. A Moog
Synthesizer was also prominently featured on the soundtrack to the movie A
Clockwork Orange in 1971. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2008
11. The word “prominently” in paragraph 3 can easily
be replaced by …
(A) significantly
(B) perfectly
(C) accurately
(D) excellently
Answer : (A) significantly
12. The passage describes theremin as a/an …
(A) prototype of Moog Synthesizer
(B) initial electronic music instrument
(C) musical instrument to replicate the sound
(D) instrument of electronic tool
Answer : (B) initial electronic music
instrument
13. The pronoun “it” paragraph 2 refers to…
(A) electronic synthesizer
(B) a keyboard instrument
(C) prototype of Moog Synthesizer
(D) new semiconductor technology
Answer : (C) prototype of Moog
Synthesizer
14. According to the passage, all of the following
are true about The Moog, EXCEPT…
(A) it was invented by Robert Moog
(B) it was first introduced in 1964
(C) it initiated new technology which was smaller and cheaper than previous
(D) it was the first synthesizer in the world
Answer : (D) it was the first
synthesizer in the world
15. The paragraph following the passage most likely
discusses…
(A) collaboration between The Moog and other
musicians
(B) the description of compact and portable Mini Moog
(C) the improvement of Moog Synthesizer
(D) trend in the music industry about synthesizer
Answer : (C) the improvement of Moog
Synthesizer
Question
16-25
There are two basic types of glaciers, those that
flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and
those that are confined by terrain to a particular path.
The first category of glaciers includes those massive
blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There
must be over 50,000 square kilometers of land covered with ice for the glacier
to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the
ocean, they form ice shelves.
About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet
covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the
western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in
northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering
Greenland and Antarctica.
Any domelike body of ice that also flows out in all
directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap.
Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada,
on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.
The second category of glaciers includes those of a
variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers.
Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their
flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows
outward in several directions is called an ice field. The difference between an
ice field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is
somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike
shape of a cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell. St. Elias, and
Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.
Less spectacular than large ice fields are the most
common types of mountain glaciers: the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque
glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic
circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down
valleys, curves around their corners, and falls over cliffs.
16. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Where major glaciers are located
(B) How glaciers shape the land
(C) How glaciers are formed
(D) The different kinds of glaciers
Answer : (D) The different kinds of
glaciers
17. The word “massive” in line 3 is closest in
meaning to
(A) huge
(B) strange
(C) cold
(D) recent
Answer : (A) huge
18. It can be inferred that ice sheets are so named
for which of the following reasons?
(A) They are confined to mountain valleys.
(B) They cover large areas of land.
(C) They are thicker in some areas than in others.
(D) They have a characteristic circular shape.
Answer : (B) They
cover large areas of land.
19. According to the passage, ice shelves can be
found
(A) covering an entire continent
(B) buried within the mountains
(C) spreading into the ocean
(D) filling deep valleys
Answer : (C) spreading
into the ocean
20. According to the passage, where was the
Cordilleran Ice Sheet thickest?
(A) Alaska
(B) Greenland
(C) Alberta
(D) Antarctica
Answer : (C) Alberta
21. The word “rare” in line 12 is closest in meaning
to
(A) small
(B) unusual
(C) valuable
(D) widespread
Answer : (B) unusual
22. According to the passage (paragraph 5), ice
fields resemble ice caps in which of the following ways?
(A) Their shape
(B) Their flow
(C) Their texture
(D) Their location
Answer : (B) Their
flow
23. The word “it” in line 16 refers to
(A) glacier
(B) cap
(C) difference
(D) terrain
Answer : (A) glacier
24. The word “subtle” in line 17 is closest in
meaning to
(A) slight
(B) common
(C) important
(D) measurable
Answer : (A) slight
25. All of the following are alpine glaciers EXCEPT
(A) cirque glaciers
(B) ice caps
(C) valley glaciers
(D) ice fields
Answer : (B) ice
caps
